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Author : Harald Pechlaner & Christopher Reuter
School/Work Place : Catholic University of Eichstätt-Ingolstadt, Germany
Contact : christopher.reuter@ku-eichstaett.de
Year : 2010

The state of Uttarakhand (in the Himalayas) in which the two case studies were conducted is trying to expand its already existing strength in the tourism sector as well. Tourism is estimated to make up for about 20% of GDP in Uttarakhand in comparison to 5,83% for India and the ITOPC (Indian Tour Operators Promotion Council) gives a figure of 16,7 million domestic visitors for 2006 in a state with approx. 8,5 million inhabitants (ITOPC calculations are based on numbers provided by the state government).

In general, the Himalayas (which make up a big portion of the state of Uttarakhand) have been considered one of the emerging markets in Asia with the highest potential for growth, alongside Sri Lanka, Laos and Vietnam (Shackley, 2006: 66). In Uttarakhand the mountains themselves are the biggest attraction, providing the backdrop for Adventure Tourism (mainly trekking and rafting) and of course pilgrimage (e.g. Haridwar and Chard Dham or the four holy shrines) and Yoga (including Rishikesh the “Yoga capital of the world”).

However, Singh (2007) has named several main problems for the tourism industry in Uttarakhand: (1) the state has not been developed as a destination brand and there are no coordinated marketing efforts (especially in the international market), (2) the infrastructure is only of low quality and (3) there are high taxes on tourism products. In order to tackle these and other problems large consulting projects in the Himalayas region have been initiated. Most important for the case studies presented in this paper is certainly the “Uttarakhand Tourism Development Master Plan” conducted by the UNWTO (2008b), which sets the framework for the development processes at the local and regional level.


List of Articles
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274 Think Tank XVIII Persuasive communication: an experiment on hotel guest... file 8320 Jan 07, 2019

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273 Think Tank X New Media for Climate Change Communication and Collabo... file 8313 Oct 13, 2013

The Climate Change Collaboratory1 aims to strengthen the relations between Austrian scientists, policy makers, educators, environmental NGOs, news media and corporations - stakeholders who recognize the need for adaptation and mitigation, b...

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272 Think Tank IV Attitudes towards Environmental Responsibility among S... file 8254 Oct 13, 2013

The first step in creating a more environmentally sound hotel industry should be a performance analysis of the hotel sector from an environmental perspective. An assessment measuring the level of environmental awareness among hoteliers and t...

Author: Paulina Bohdanowicz, Vlasta Zanki-Alujevic & Ivo Martinac 

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271 Think Tank XIV Development of a Certification System for Sustainable ... file 8189 Jun 27, 2014

Tourism destinations are complex entities that can be defined as geographical areas of different sizes that are being visited by tourists. Most definitions then differentiate between the perspectives of those living in and managing a destina...

Author: Wolfgang Strasdas 

Year: 2014 

270 Think Tank XII Social and Economic Mobility: Expatriate Practises in ... file 8149 Nov 06, 2013

Bali has long been a tourist destination for Australian tourists and the Australian tourist market is an important one for Bali tourism. In the last two decades, increasingly Australian tourists have and are shifting their mobility practices...

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269 Think Tank XIV The Development of a National Tourism Research Agenda ... file 8149 Jun 26, 2014

A national research agenda identifies the research priorities that need to be addressed to “inform future policy and service delivery” by government and “for use by academics and practitioners to stimulate research, partnerships and collabor...

Author: Leo Jago & Margaret Deery 

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268 Think Tank XIII Exploring the Relationship between Cultural Capital in... file 8110 Nov 06, 2013

There is substantial literature on the impacts of tourism on culture, both positive and negative, however, there are relatively few articles that explore the relationship between cultural capital and sustainable tourism. This paper will repo...

Author: Laurie Murphy & Andrea Schurmann 

Year: 2013 

267 Think Tank V Tourism in Small Communities: Risks and Benefits file 8095 Oct 13, 2013

This paper presents the findings from a Sustainable Tourism Co-operative Research Centre study into the risks associated with the social impacts of tourism on a small community in the Australian state of Tasmania. This state is known for its...

Author: Leo Jago, Margaret Deery & Liz Fredline 

Year: 2005 

266 Think Tank VIII Resident Support for Sustainable Tourism Policies in T... file 8068 Oct 13, 2013

During the last two decades, there has been increased focus on topics related to various aspects of sustainable tourism. Believing that sustainable tourism can be a serious alternative that can remedy some of the negative impacts associated ...

Author: Ercan Sirakaya-Turk, Muzzo S. Uysal & Turgut Var 

Year: 2008 

265 Think Tank XIII The Paradox of poverty amidst the plenty of nature: co... file 8064 Nov 06, 2013

Rural communities in South Africa have not been active stakeholders in tourism development. Community awareness and involvement in the preservation of natural and cultural heritage through sustainable tourism development in selected areas ad...

Author: Felicité A. Fairer-Wessels 

Year: 2013 

264 Think Tank X Implementing Networks of the New Zealand Tourism Strat... file 8043 Oct 13, 2013

The areas of tourism planning and strategy are frequently at the focus of academic enquiry; however, the implementation of the planning results is not. The small number of existing studies suggests that many difficulties associated with pla...

Author: Julia N. Albrecht 

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263 Think Tank VI Service Learning in Tourism Educational Programs – A S... file 7998 Oct 13, 2013

A problem in developing new tourism markets remains how to resource them from an existing employment base. Key questions arising are: Do current tourism enterprises have the existing skills to move into these new markets for sustainable tour...

Author: Susan Anita Briggs 

Year: 2006 

262 Think Tank VII Rural Adventure Tourism and Social Entrepreneurship file 7966 Oct 13, 2013

The intent of this research is to provide a comparative analysis of several innovative social entrepreneurial businesses operating within the realm of rural adventure tourism. This qualitative, case-based research explores six companies, wh...

Author: Christina Heyniger & Kristin Lamoureaux 

Year: 2007 

261 Think Tank XIII Striving for Environmental Sustainability through Soci... file 7956 Nov 06, 2013

The question how native societies cope with the increasing pressure of global values, such as sustainability, westernization and democratic institutions has been asked in the last decades (Smith, 1989; Honey, 1999; Nash, 2001; Honey, 2008). ...

Author: Peter Varga 

Year: 2013 

260 Think Tank XIV Tourism Concessions in National Parks: Neo-liberal Too... file 7930 Jun 26, 2014

For the tourism sector the government aims to “Grow the number of new business opportunities on public conservation land in order to deliver increased economic prosperity and conservation gain” (New Zealand Government, 2012: 23). In relation...

Author: Valentina Dinica 

Year: 2014 

259 Think Tank IX Tourism Relationship Model and Intermediary for Sustai... file 7902 Oct 13, 2013

This paper proposes a simple model that depicts the relationship between community and extra-community stakeholders that will enable the effective development of sustainable tourism. “Sustainable tourism” in this paper is defined as tourism ...

Author: Asami Shikida, Mami Yoda, Akiko Kino & Masayuki Morishige 

Year: 2009 

258 Think Tank X Implementation of the DIT-ACHIEV Model for Sustainable... file 7888 Oct 13, 2013

The DIT-ACHIEV Model is a model of sustainable tourism indicators developed in a previous research project undertaken by the School of Hospitality Management and Tourism, Dublin Institute of Technology. The indicators represent six fields o...

Author: Maeve Morrissey, Kevin Griffin & Sheila Flanagan 

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257 Think Tank XII A Global Tourism Geography - The Role of Transport file 7859 Nov 06, 2013

After decades of tourism research definitions and statistics of global tourism, flows are still not uniformly defined. A problem is that scholars, sector stakeholders and policy makers tend to have a biased image of the global tourism system...

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Year: 2012 

256 Think Tank XII Creating Tourism Transport Flow Maps with GIS: A Pract... file 7858 Nov 06, 2013

This paper explores various options to visualize tourism transport flows with spatial analysis tools and show them on maps. To facilitate implementation of these options, procedures for data preparation and map creation are explained through...

Author: Martin Landré & Paul Peeters 

Year: 2012 

255 Think Tank XIV The Roles of the Public, Private and Voluntary Sector ... file 7805 Jun 26, 2014

Social tourism refers to initiatives that aim to include groups into tourism that would otherwise be excluded from it. The earliest definition of social tourism by Hunzicker (1951) described social tourism as ‘‘the relationships and phenomen...

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