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Author : Claire Louisa Fordred & Kevin Mearns
School/Work Place : University of South Africa
Contact : cfordred@gmail.com
Year : 2017

Rock art is found across the world and is a unique heritage which is divided into three main categories; rock paintings (pictographs), rock engravings, (petroglyphs), and geoglyphs (natural objects used as designs) (Anati, 1993; Clottes, 1997). This study deals with rock art paintings (pictographs) in the uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park (UDP). Based on the South African National Heritage Resource Agency’s rock art definition - being any form of painting, engraving or other graphic representation on a fixed rock surface or loose rock or stone, which was executed by human agency and which is older than 100 years, including any area within ten meters of such representation” (NHRA, 1999: 6). The focus of this research revolved around the advantages and disadvantages of tourism developments at rock art sites and the way in which these sites and painting are being managed and conserved through sustainable tourism practices. Positive impacts of sustainable tourism practices identified were through the increase in rock art awareness, providing opportunities for people to see and experience existing paintings in a natural setting and the contributions from rock art tourism to the local communities and local infrastructure. The negative aspects of rock art tourism include alternating of the sites and the increasing probability of negative human impacts such as graffiti and vandalism which deteriorate the art. These impacts are paradoxical to the future of conserving rock art and were explored the study.


Fordred & Mearns, Managing open rock art sites for tourism, in the central uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa PP.pdf

Fordred & Mearns, Managing open rock art sites for tourism, in the central uKhahlamba-Drakensberg Park, KwaZulu-Natal, South Africa.pdf


List of Articles
No. Subject Views Datesort
74 Think Tank XVI Tourists’ attitude towards and willingness to pay for ... file 1371 Jul 02, 2016

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Author: Isabel Lissner & Marius Mayer 

Year: 2016 

73 Think Tank XVI The role of sustainability communication in the attitu... file 1245 Jul 02, 2016

The extensive growth of the tourism sector entails both beneficial economic contribution and negative environmental and socio-economic impacts. In order to protect the resources tourism is based upon, greater levels of sustainability are ne...

Author: Christina Tölkes 

Year: 2016 

72 Think Tank XVI Tourists vs Tour operators Preferences for CSR Policie... file 2445 Jul 02, 2016

There is an increasing concern for environmental and social issues among international travelers. As a consequence, many tourist corporations have been exploring the implementation of Social Responsibility (SR) policies as a tool to gain co...

Author: Jorge E. Araña, Gianluca Goffi & Carmelo J. León 

Year: 2016 

71 Think Tank XVI Navigating Evolving Global Trends in Financial Crime: ... file 2595 Jul 02, 2016

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Author: Verity Anne Greenwood 

Year: 2016 

70 Think Tank XVI The influence of environmental attitudes and concerns ... file 1369 Jul 02, 2016

This study investigates environmental attitudes and concerns of Germans tourists towards climate change. Furthermore it analyses if there are attempts to neutralise air travel emissions by means of voluntary carbon-offsetting. Past research...

Author: Isabell Wulfsberg, Dirk Reiser, Volker Rundshagen & Nicolai Scherle 

Year: 2016 

69 Think Tank XVI Responsible High Performance Sport Travel – Opportunit... file 2167 Jul 02, 2016

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Author: Kerstin Heuwinkel 

Year: 2016 

68 Think Tank XVI Communicating sustainability values of wine producers file 2286 Jul 02, 2016

This paper examines visual design language used in the New Zealand wine industry to communicate values of sustainability. The contribution critically discusses how industry values are physically manifested in and communicated through imager...

Author: Tobias Danielmeier 

Year: 2016 

67 Think Tank XVII Responsible tourism and innovation practices by touris... file 1474 Aug 17, 2017

Responsible tourism incorporates economic, environmental and social imperatives in accordance with ‘sustainable tourism’ notions (Booyens & Rogerson, 2016a). This research argues that tourism firms need to innovate in order to be economi...

Author: Irma Booyens and Christian M. Rogerson 

Year: 2017 

66 Think Tank XVII Making hotel guests voluntarily waive daily room cleaning file 1107 Aug 17, 2017

Tourism is the fourth largest economic contributor globally and outperforms the growth of the world economy (United Nations World Tourism Organisation (UNWTO), 2013). But tourism growth comes at a cost. Not surprisingly, therefore, tourism i...

Author: Sara Dolnicar & Ljubica Knezevic Cvelbar & Bettina Grun 

Year: 2017 

65 Think Tank XVII Investigating the relationship between FDI and Tourism... file 1304 Aug 17, 2017

This paper employs a dynamic time series econometrics framework, namely a vector error correction model (VECM), to investigate the link between foreign direct investment (FDI) and tourist arrivals in Mauritius for the period 1980-2015. The r...

Author: Sheereen Fauzel, & Boopen Seetanah 

Year: 2017 

64 Think Tank XVII Investigating the impact of climate change on the tour... file 2156 Aug 17, 2017

The tourism sector is vital for the development of small island developing states. However, climate change can negatively impact on tourism demand and affect these economies both on the economic and social level. The purpose of this study is...

Author: Sheereen Fauzel, Boopen Seetanah, Robin Sannassee & Robin Nunkoo 

Year: 2017 

» Think Tank XVII Managing open rock art sites for tourism, in the centr... file 1232 Aug 17, 2017

Rock art is found across the world and is a unique heritage which is divided into three main categories; rock paintings (pictographs), rock engravings, (petroglyphs), and geoglyphs (natural objects used as designs) (Anati, 1993; Clottes, 199...

Author: Claire Louisa Fordred & Kevin Mearns 

Year: 2017 

62 Think Tank XVII The Role of Tour guide for Sustainable Tourism with th... file 4253 Aug 17, 2017

The emergence of information technology has a profound impact on tourism industry. Today, visitors are more inclined to have searched the Internet to gain more pre-tour knowledge for the destinations than before. The advances of the various ...

Author: Daisy Suk-fong FUNG 

Year: 2017 

61 Think Tank XVII Lack of transparency - a barrier for the diffusion of ... file 609 Aug 17, 2017

Throughout the last two decades, the tourism industry has changed due to the revolutionary development in the realm of information and communication technologies (ICT) (Amaro & Duate, 2013; Law et al., 2004; Minghetti & Buhalis, 2010...

Author: Sven-Olaf Gerdt, Elisa Wagner & Gerhard Schewe 

Year: 2017 

60 Think Tank XVII Applying water quality as a management tool for the wi... file 14998 Aug 17, 2017

Growing human populations led to expanding agriculture and industrial activities, and during the last decade raised international concern as fresh water quality has deteriorated on a global scale. In addition, climate change threatens to cau...

Author: JJ Grobler and KF Mearns 

Year: 2017 

59 Think Tank XVII New Forms of ‘Responsible Tourism’ in Refugee Camps an... file 43280 Aug 17, 2017

Responsible Tourism is about “making better places for people to live in and better places for people to visit”. Traveling responsibly is thus about managing travel and destinations in an environmentally and culturally responsible way and de...

Author: Jaume Guia, Sil van de Velde & Lauren Chan 

Year: 2017 

58 Think Tank XVII Collaborative knowledge production development and act... file 1637 Aug 17, 2017

Increasingly, literature has depicted food tourism as a powerful contributor to the ‘triple bottom line’ of economic, social, and environmental sustainability in rural communities (e.g. Sidali et al., 2015; Sims, 2009; Everret & Aitchson...

Author: Yukari Higuchi & Yasuhiro Yamanaka 

Year: 2017 

57 Think Tank XVII Finding and Fostering Our Future Tourism Leaders: Unde... file 544 Aug 17, 2017

The hospitality and tourism industry is facing a serious skilled manpower shortage globally, and the best way to meet the manpower needs of the industry is through training and education. The shortage of skilled talent is a global issue in t...

Author: Grace K.S. Ho & Rob Law 

Year: 2017 

56 Think Tank XVII Innovation riving structural power changes in peripher... file 11701 Aug 17, 2017

Traditionally, tourism development in small island destinations has been explained through the lens of the Dependency Theory (Bianchi, 2002; Britton, 1982; Brown & Hall, 2000; Buhalis, 1999; Butler, 1993; Hall, 1994; Harrison, 2001; Weav...

Author: Chaya Hurnath 

Year: 2017 

55 Think Tank XVII Residents’ perceptions of sustainable tourism in Mauri... file 7846 Aug 17, 2017

This paper examines residents' perception on sustainable tourism in Mauritius. 500 surveys were elaborated and circulated to the respondents. This research examines the connections between the demographic variables gender, age, instruction l...

Author: Bhavish Jugurnath & Roucheet Bissessur & Youvish Ramjattan & Devendra Bissessur 

Year: 2017 

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