Resources

RESOURCES


RESOURCES: PAPERS & PRESENTATIONS

Author : Kevin Lyons
School/Work Place : University of Newcastle, Australia
Contact : kkevin.lyons@newcastle.edu.au
Year : 2007

The popularity of volunteer tourism as a form of alternative tourism has grown significantly over the past decade (McGehee, and Norman, 2002). Volunteer tourists can now be found throughout the world participating in a wide array of social, educational, political and environmental projects. While these projects continue to use volunteer tourists as a significant source of labour, the NGOs and community organisations that provide and support them have begun exploring other innovative ways to attract and engage volunteer tourists who may wish to provide their voluntary labour in less direct ways. As a result programs are now emerging that move beyond the convention established in volunteer tourism where participants travel to a destination community to volunteer their labour while simultaneously being a ‘tourist’ in the broadest sense of the word. Instead, these new programs fuse adventure, volunteerism and philanthropy incrementally into an innovative tourism experience that challenges traditional debates about the decommodifying processes (Wearing, McDonald, and Ponting, 2005) embedded in volunteer tourism. One example of this new type of volunteer tourism is the development and provision of fundraising adventure tours. Fundraising adventure tourism has been adopted by a number of NGO’s who recruit participants willing to raise a pre-determined sum of money half of which is used to support the NGO’s core business and the remaining funds are used to fund an adventure tour.

Previous arguments have suggested that volunteer tourism does not fit into the commodified regime of mass and packaged tourism as its focus is not on the exchange value in the tourism system (Wearing et al. 2005). This paper explores whether the act of fundraising as an act of volunteering, conducted prior to participating in an adventure tour enabled participants to experience the decommodified frame of gift economy that has been heralded as the hallmark of volunteer tourism (Wearing, 2001) or whether this separation undermines this process. This paper presents a case study of one of these innovative programs developed and operated by Oxfam Community Aid Abroad Australia – Oxfam Challenge program.

This paper draws on the marketing materials of Oxfam and presents findings from an analysis of diaries and web-blogs of 25 individuals who participated in fundraising/cycling adventures with Oxfam Australia– Oxfam Challenge program. The adventure fundraising tour conducted by Oxfam Australia is marketed as an adventure experience with a difference. OXFAM Australia recruits participants willing to raise $5000 which in-part covers the cost of a two week cycling tour through remote villages in China, Vietnam or Cambodia where they visit environmental and humanitarian projects and where the funds they raised are being used. While participants are recruited through Oxfam Australia, the adventure tour component of the program is outsourced to a commercial travel service provider who provides a fully packaged program including airfares, meals, a bicycle, and a guide. This component of the experience is almost identical to any packaged adventurebased tour conducted by a wide range of operators globally.


List of Articles
No. Subject Viewssort Date
414 Think Tank XVI Can Tourism Businesses Foster Better Inclusion for Peo... file 387 Jul 02, 2016

It is difficult to deny that despite its increased popularity, the concept of social entrepreneurship has not received a clearer understanding in a theoretical context. Zahra, Gedajlovic, Neubaum, and Shulman (2009) list 20 definitions of s...

Author: Kristof Tomej 

Year: 2016 

413 Think Tank XVI Volunteering and donations for biodiversity conservati... file 425 Jul 01, 2016

In 2010, the newly elected government of New Zealand, of neo-liberal orientation, has adopted its Business Growth Agenda. This has been implemented through a series of legal, policy and organizational changes, affecting the governance of th...

Author: Valentina Dinica 

Year: 2016 

412 Think Tank XVI The moderating role of values in planned behaviour: th... file 439 Jul 02, 2016

In the past five years, we (a group of researchers from the Leeds Becket University and the Open University of Catalonia) have been working on different studies about the CSR motivations, barriers and practices in tourism small and medium e...

Author: Lluís Garay, Xavier Font & August Francesc Corrons 

Year: 2016 

411 Think Tank XVI Certification for Sustainable Tourism in Germany – Ove... file 443 Jul 02, 2016

Certification schemes for sustainable tourism can be seen as a key voluntary instrument to measure, verify and communicate the CSR management and performance of tourism businesses. Today a large number of such schemes can be found around th...

Author: Wolfgang Strasdas 

Year: 2016 

410 Think Tank XVII Finding and Fostering Our Future Tourism Leaders: Unde... file 487 Aug 17, 2017

The hospitality and tourism industry is facing a serious skilled manpower shortage globally, and the best way to meet the manpower needs of the industry is through training and education. The shortage of skilled talent is a global issue in t...

Author: Grace K.S. Ho & Rob Law 

Year: 2017 

409 Think Tank XVI eTraining for Sustainable Tourism: Investing in Skills... file 496 Jul 02, 2016

This proposed presentation examines the current state of “eTraining” opportunities (e.g. distance learning programs, online courses, live seminars) supporting professional skills development for tourism professionals, with a particular focu...

Author: Ayako Ezaki 

Year: 2016 

408 Think Tank XVII Lack of transparency - a barrier for the diffusion of ... file 543 Aug 17, 2017

Throughout the last two decades, the tourism industry has changed due to the revolutionary development in the realm of information and communication technologies (ICT) (Amaro & Duate, 2013; Law et al., 2004; Minghetti & Buhalis, 2010...

Author: Sven-Olaf Gerdt, Elisa Wagner & Gerhard Schewe 

Year: 2017 

407 Think Tank XVI Reaching the hard to reach: CSR and employee engagemen... file 560 Jul 02, 2016

As the duties and behaviour of organizations within the tourism industry evolve to accommodate expectations of pro-sustainable business change, so too does the role and responsibility of employees within these organisations. As key actors i...

Author: Kelsy Hejjas, Caroline Scarles & Graham Miller 

Year: 2016 

406 Think Tank XVI Examining Corporate Social Responsibility in Tourism: ... file 571 Jul 01, 2016

One of the biggest challenges facing the tourism industry and policy makers is the emerging and fast growing ‘sharing economy’. Keeping abreast of this, disruptive but potentially transformative phenomenon has been challenging for industry,...

Author: Stephen Wearing & Kevin Lyons 

Year: 2016 

405 Think Tank XVI The Influences of Hotel Contexts on Tourist Behaviour.... file 610 Jul 01, 2016

Sustainability deals with the relation between people and their environment. The configuration of this connection and the communication between the two are decisive when talking about a socially acceptable, ecologically compatible and econo...

Author: Stefan Raich 

Year: 2016 

404 Think Tank XVI United we stand, divided we fall: Strategies for engag... file 656 Jul 01, 2016

Many tourism corporate responsibility programs require the support and/or compliance of guests or customers, yet little attention has been paid to the design of strategies to encourage this compliance. Research in the areas of tourist inter...

Author: Karen Hughes & Gianna Moscardo 

Year: 2016 

OPA: 2016 Outstanding Paper Award Winner 

403 Think Tank XVI Empowering communities and enabling conservation: Revi... file 674 Jul 01, 2016

The Africa Foundation a non-profit organization was founded in 1992 when Conservation Corporation Africa (since renamed and rebranded to &Beyond) was founded in South Africa. A central principle of the Conservation Corporation, safari l...

Author: Kevin Mearns 

Year: 2016 

402 Think Tank XVI Spirituality and corporate social responsibility in to... file 682 Jul 01, 2016

This ongoing study investigates the role of spirituality for corporate social responsibility (CSR) by tourism businesses in lesser developed countries and the implications this has at the destination level. While much of the world’s tourism...

Author: Alexandra Law, Putu Indah Rahmawati & Terry De Lacy 

Year: 2016 

401 Think Tank XVI Polar bears, Climate Change, CSR and Sustainable Tourism 711 Jul 02, 2016

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Author: Jeremy Pearce 

Year: 2016 

400 Think Tank XIX Organizational drivers of sustainable behaviour and it... file 735 Oct 23, 2019

Key words: Sustainability, organizational capabilities, entrepreneurial orientation, customer satisfaction, financial performance Page: 79-85 Organizational drivers of sustainable behaviour and its consequences for customer satisfaction and ...

Author: Julia Koch, Sven-Olaf Gerdt, and Gerhard Schewe 

Year: 2019 

399 Think Tank XIX Fun with Fungi in the Forest: Making Tourist Experienc... file 736 Oct 23, 2019

Key words: sustainable tourist experiences, interpretation, stories, rainforest Page: 58-74 Fun with Fungi in the Forest.pdf Normal 0 false false false EN-US X-NONE X-NONE /* Style Definitions */ table.MsoNormalTable {mso-style-name:"Table N...

Author: Karen Hughes and Gianna Moscardo 

Year: 2019 

398 Think Tank XVI Responsible High Performance Sport Travel – Opportunit... file 742 Jul 02, 2016

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Author: Kerstin Heuwinkel 

Year: 2016 

397 Think Tank XVI Rural communities’ participation in the planning and m... file 761 Jul 02, 2016

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Author: Limpho Lekaota 

Year: 2016 

396 Think Tank XV Protected areas and community wildlife-based tourism i... file 805 Jul 27, 2015

Tourism planning in protected areas (PAs) entails addressing two partly competing and overlapping goals: preserving heritage and providing access. Resolving potential conflicts between these two goals is particularly challenging at the inter...

Author: MorenTibabo Stone & Gyan P. Nyaupane 

Year: 2015 

395 Think Tank XIX Perceptions of sustainability practices in hospitality... file 806 Oct 23, 2019

Key words: Sustainability, Sustainable Hospitality, Sustainability Measures, Sustainable Experience, Environmental Psychology, Forced Choice Assessment Pages: 52-57 Perceptions of sustainability practices in hospitality.pdf Normal 0 false fa...

Author: Sven-Olaf Gerdt, Julia Koch, Elisa Wagner and Gerhard Schewe 

Year: 2019 

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