This paper reports on an element of an ongoing research project undertaken since 1999 in relation to the effects of film-induced tourism on a small community based in North Yorkshire, England, namely Goathland. Goathland is better known to TV udiences around the world as the village of Aidensfield in the long-running series, Heartbeat. Its railway station and heritage train was also used as Hogwarts Station in the Harry Potter movies...

Following its historical rise and fall, America’s first industrialized polluted
landscape garnered federal and local support to remedy its near destruction. Today, the Blackstone Valley is a thriving, pragmatic example of translating theory into practice. By utilizing the World Tourism Organization (2004), United Nations Environmental Programme & World Tourism Organization (2005), and National Geographic Society (2006) principles, the Blackstone Valley has become a sustainable visitor destination...

This paper reports on the history, criteria and procedures within Hilton
Environmental Reporting, a computerized reporting tool created by Addsystems
for Hilton International. The development and implementation process of the
upgraded version of the system is also presented. Lessons learnt from this
process are very valuable and could be used to help other tourism and hotel
businesses develop their own reporting, monitoring and benchmarking schemes
within the CSR concept...

This work aims through a clarification of philosophical assumptions to define authenticity in a dialogical perspective on the premise that there is a linkage between authenticity and sustainability. This paper will to discuss the development of a tool to identify the uniqueness of a given cultural heritage to underpin a sustainable tourism development. The field of the research is wide, ranging from the authenticity of the tourist experience over the sociocultural authenticity of a host community to the intrinsic authenticity of an asset or event...

One problem in developing new tourism markets remains hotto resource them from an existing emplyment base. Key questions arising are: Do current tourism markes have the existing skills to move into these new markes for sustainable tourism? How will torism keep itself and its goals competitive and sustainable from a skills perspective? What skills are needed now and in the future?...

The concept of Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has developed significantly over the last decade and has taken on a myriad of meanings. For many companies, it is a philosophy that helps guide their actions in the external environment. Equally so, is the importance that companies place on the way they operate in the organisation’s internal environment and the responsibility of the company towards its employees.

Dr. Larry Dwyer , University of New South Wales, Australia,
Dr. Liz Fredline, Dr. Leo Jago & Dr. Margaret Deery , Victoria University, Australia

For tourism development to have sustainable outcomes at the destination level, business operations must be sustainable. Sustainable development for business means adopting strategies and activities that meet the needs of the enterprise and its stakeholders today while protecting, sustaining, and enhancing the human and natural resources that will be needed in the future. The sustainable business has interdependent economic, social and environmental objectives. and understands that long-term viability depends on integrating all three objectives
in decision-making. Rather than regarding social and environmental objectives as costs, a sustainable enterprise seeks opportunities for profit in achieving these goals.

Dr. Deborah Edwards , University of Technology, Australia

Out of a growing concern about the erosion of social infrastructure has come an increase in pressure on business to take up more of the responsibility in meeting community needs (Centre for Corporate Public Affairs, 2000; Loza & Ogilvie, 2005). While many tourism organizations have been slow to involve themselves in any longterm and meaningful way with communities, partnerships based on engagement, participation and involvement exist between the volunteer programs of large museums and their urban communities...

Mr. Menno Houtstra , ECEAT International, Netherlands

The integration of sustainability within the domain of tourism has recently made considerable progress. For instance, in the UK and the Netherlands, the most important federations of tour operators, the FTO and the ANVR, have introduced obligatory minimum standards to contribute to sustainability. In fact, most tourism companies seem now to accept that they have corporate responsibility for the integration of sustainability into their practices. The UN-WTO has recently identified 15 goals for member states that should be adopted as policy orientation to reach sustainability in tourism...

Ms. Ya-Ting Huang, Dr. David Botterill & Dr. Eleri Jones , University of Wales Institute, UK

Corporate Social Responsibility (CSR) has become an important issue for some
governments but the tourism industry appears to be slow in adopting CSR strategies. By focusing on CSR, we argue that the implementation of CSR audits could help to integrate environmental and social considerations into the concept of marine tourism. We consider that a socially responsible tourism organisation will fully consider what impacts on communities and the environment will result from strategic and operational decisions, as well as better balancing the needs of all stakeholders.

Dr. Yoram Krozer , Cartesius Institute, Institute for Sustainable Innovations of the Netherlands Technichal Universities, Netherlands

Authorities of National Parks, areas mandated to preserve natural and cultural heritage as an option value for society, are under pressure to enlarge a present value op the parks by income generation, which is perceived a burden on the option. A question is posed how to govern the National Parks. After brief introduction of diversity of the Parks on a few continents, it is illustrated for the National Park Alde Faenen that some income can be generated without distorting the option but on the contrary, it can enlarging the option value...

Dr. Janne J. Liburd , University of Southern Denmark, Denmark &
Dr. Jack Carlsen , Curtin University of Technology, Australia

Family businesses, that is, businesses owned and/or operated my members of a single family, are predominant in Western economies. This is also an important category of business within tourism hospitality, particularly in rural areas where research indicates that they form the majority (Getz et al 2004). Whereas lifestyle is a main reason for the establishment of these businesses, they are also motivated by conservation (Carlsen et al 2001, Schaper and Carlsen 2004), and sustainability remains an option as well (Bramwell and Alletorp 2001; Getz et al 2004). Key issues for family business are the role of family members, cultural practice and quality of life. Understanding these dimensions is important to a large number of people in the tourism and hospitality industry, tourism planning and sustainable development, especially in ecologically and socially sensitive rural areas...

Dr. Nina Mistilis & Dr. John D’Ambra , University of New South Wales, Australia

The research aims to develop a conceptual model of e-commerce adoption in tourism enterprises. The paper begins with a literature review identifying the opportunities and competitive advantage for tourism enterprises associated with E-commerce adoption. It then compares current levels of e-commerce adoption for Australia and other nations, noting the under usage in small tourism enterprises. Finally it develops a classification of e-commerce adoption models and proposes a new conceptual model for tourism enterprises in terms of their level of sophistication. The model can be used to facilitate sustainable tourism development for SMTEs in a tourism destination...

Dr. Ramon Palau , University of Girona, Spain

The Corporate Social Responsibility has acquired some kind of legislation from the first contributions of Bowen (1953) and from the different theoretical approaches but without any real applications to the business. It was not until the arrival of the economic liberalism at the end of the twentieth century and beginnings of the 21st century that has represented an era of big management benefits accompanied by massive dismissals, together with bankruptcies of companies like Enron, Arthur Andersen, Parmalat, etc,…

Ms. Catrina Papaleo & Dr. Sue Beeton , La Trobe University, Australia

In an economy of abundance, the responsibilities of businesses extend
beyond the profit motive, not only serving that business but also the goals of
society (Lazer, 1996). It is now recognised that an organisation’s responsibilities must extend well beyond the notion of profit making to social responsibility (Carroll, 1999). Corporate social responsibility (CSR) is defined as including ‘the openness or transparency of companies as well as taking into consideration the will and expectations of their stakeholders’ (Juholin, 2004, p.22). Juholin’s definition of CSR suggests that the relationship between companies and their stakeholders is critical for business success.

Mr. Aphirom Promchanya , University of Perpignan, France

Ecotourism, which typically involves nature-based tourism, plays an increasing role in today's environmental management. As environmental conservation has, in many cases, suffered from a limited budget, funding ecotourism is perceived as a way to provide additional resources to finance environmental conservation efforts. In some cases, revenue generated from ecotourism can be substantial and can be used to provide alternative employment/income to local residents. This alternative employment also helps to reduce the pressure on encroachment and environmental destruction by the local people. Ecotourism is, thus, seen here as a vehicle for sustainable development.

Dr. Ravi Ravinder , University of Technology Sydney, Australia

The aviation industry is a critical element of any tourism system, and has several secondary effects – a source of employment and foreign exchange earnings. A ‘national carrier’ is also a symbol of the country, a source of pride amongst the local community and a representative of the host country in other countries that it flies to...

Dr. David Stipanuk , Cornell University, USA

CSR discussions often occur at a rather general level and can have a tendency to focus on the positive contributions that are made by corporations. For example, in the WTTC publication “Corporate Social Leadership in Travel and Tourism”1 the emphasis is upon the aspects of the economic contribution of T&T in raising living standards with this tied to the corporation delivering sustainable value to its various stakeholders. And, while mentioning the potential for negative impacts, a positive environmental contribution is stressed regarding the protecting of eco-systems. Finally, the WTTC speaks of bringing people together via T&T to build
international understanding and bridges of peace.

Dr. David Wood & Dr. Jack Carlsen , Curtin University of Technology, Australia

Implicit in notions of sustainable development is an holistic triple bottom line approach that seeks to preserve essential ecological processes, protect human heritage and biodiversity and foster inter and intra-generational equity whilst recognising political dimensions of tourism (Hall 2000; WCED 1987). Sustainable tourism seeks to achieve these goals and at the same time meet the needs of tourists and the long-term viability of tourism enterprises without compromising alternative uses or processes (Butler 1993)...